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Elezioni politiche 25 settembre 2022, cos’è il diritto di tribuna?Fecondazione,investimenti inquinamento riduce nascite da Pma: l'allarme di Adnkronos   08-07-2024 - 17:44 Link copiato #iubenda-cs-banner .iub_ts_bc:not(.iubenda-custom-content) *,#iubenda-cs-banner [class*=" iub"],#iubenda-cs-banner [class^=iub],.iubenda-tp-btn:not([data-tp-nostyle]){ 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(Adnkronos Salute) - L'inquinamento atmosferico è nemico degli aspiranti genitori. L'esposizione al particolato fine (Pm), prima del prelievo degli ovociti durante la fecondazione in vitro, può ridurre le probabilità di arrivare alla nascita di un bimbo di quasi il 40%. Lo rivela uno studio pionieristico, presentato al 40.esimo congresso annuale dell'Eshre, la Società europea di riproduzione umana ed embriologia, in corso ad Amsterdam, e pubblicato su 'Human Reproduction'. Negli ultimi anni è emerso con sempre maggiori evidenze il legame fra inquinamento e salute riproduttiva. Una nuova prova arriva ora da questo studio australiano, che ha analizzato l'esposizione al Pm10 nelle due settimane precedenti la raccolta degli ovociti, scoprendo che le probabilità di un nato vivo diminuivano del 38% confrontando il quartile più alto di esposizione (da 18,63 a 35,42 µg/m3) a quello più basso (da 7,08 a 12,92 µg/m3). In pratica, maggiore è il particolato fine che si respira, minori sono le chance di arrivo del bebè. Per ottenere questi risultati i ricercatori hanno esaminato, nell’arco di otto anni a Perth, 3.659 trasferimenti di embrioni congelati da 1.836 pazienti. L'età media delle donne era di 34,5 anni al momento del prelievo degli ovociti e di 36,1 anni al momento dell'impianto. Sono state valutate le concentrazioni di inquinanti atmosferici nell’arco di quattro periodi di esposizione prima del prelievo degli ovociti (24 ore, 2 settimane, 4 settimane e 3 mesi), con modelli creati per tenere conto delle co-esposizioni. Anche l'aumento dell'esposizione al Pm2,5 nei 3 mesi precedenti il ​​prelievo degli ovociti è stato associato a una diminuzione delle probabilità di nati vivi. Non solo. I ricercatori evidenziano che "l'impatto negativo dell'inquinamento è stato osservato nonostante l'eccellente qualità complessiva dell'aria durante il periodo considerato, con livelli di Pm10 e Pm2,5 che superavano i valori soglia dell'Oms solo nello 0,4% e nel 4,5% dei giorni di studio". "Questo è la prima ricerca - spiega l'autore principale Sebastian Leathersich, specialista in fertilità e ginecologo al King Edward Memorial Hospital della donna di Subiaco - che ha utilizzato cicli di trasferimento di embrioni congelati per analizzare separatamente gli effetti dell'esposizione agli inquinanti durante lo sviluppo degli ovociti, nel periodo dell'impianto degli embrioni e all'inizio della gravidanza. I nostri risultati rivelano un’associazione lineare negativa tra l’esposizione al particolato durante le 2 settimane e i 3 mesi precedenti alla raccolta degli ovociti e i successivi tassi di natalità da quegli ovociti. E dunque suggeriscono che l'inquinamento influisce negativamente sulla qualità degli ovociti e non solo sulle prime fasi della gravidanza, effetto che non era stato segnalato in precedenza". Se la correlazione tra inquinamento e risultati riproduttivi peggiori è orami chiara, i meccanismi alla base sono ancora oscuri. "Il cambiamento climatico e l'inquinamento rimangono le maggiori minacce per la salute umana, e la riproduzione non ne è immune - prosegue Leathersich - Anche in una parte del mondo con una qualità dell’aria eccezionale, dove pochissimi giorni superano i limiti massimi di inquinamento accettati a livello internazionale, esiste una forte correlazione negativa tra i livelli di polveri sottili e il tasso di natalità nei cicli di trasferimento di embrioni congelati. Ridurre al minimo l’esposizione agli inquinanti deve essere una priorità chiave per la salute pubblica".Si tratta di una priorità anche per il presidente eletto dell'Eshre, Anis Feki. "Questo importante studio evidenzia un legame significativo tra l'inquinamento atmosferico e tassi di successo della fecondazione in vitro più bassi - commenta - con una notevole riduzione dei nati vivi associata a una maggiore esposizione al particolato prima del prelievo degli ovociti. Questi risultati sottolineano la necessità di un’attenzione continua ai fattori ambientali nella salute riproduttiva”. di Adnkronos   08-07-2024 - 17:44 Link copiato Commenti Leggi la Netiquette

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