PD, i quattro candidati presenziano insieme al Congresso. Letta: "Fatico a scegliere chi votare"

Sondaggi politici, Pd +0,6: pesa l'effetto CospitoIrlanda, Norvegia e Spagna riconosceranno la Palestina il 28 maggio. E Israele richiama gli ambasciatoriOlanda, via libera alla formazione del governo. Ma Wilders non sarà premier

Meloni dopo l'arresto di Messina Denaro: "Proporrò il 16 gennaio come giorno di festa"Salute,ùsaniciclistipiùProfessore Campanella per pendolari 'green' corpo e mente più sani, ciclisti più longevi di Adnkronos   17-07-2024 - 10:15 Link copiato #iubenda-cs-banner .iub_ts_bc:not(.iubenda-custom-content) *,#iubenda-cs-banner [class*=" iub"],#iubenda-cs-banner [class^=iub],.iubenda-tp-btn:not([data-tp-nostyle]){ 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(Adnkronos Salute) - C'è chi ha chiuso l'auto in garage e detto addio pure al trasporto pubblico, optando per mezzi ancora più 'green' per raggiungere il posto di lavoro o scuole e università e tornare a casa al termine della giornata: la bicicletta o i propri piedi. Li chiamano 'pendolari attivi'. Queste tipologie di spostamenti sono considerate uno dei modi più pratici e sostenibili per aumentare l'attività fisica quotidiana e, sottolineano gli esperti, sono sempre più numerose le prove a favore dei benefici per la salute che ne derivano. Gli autori di un nuovo studio hanno indagato proprio su questo, scoprendo che il pendolarismo attivo è "associato a minori rischi di problemi di salute fisica e mentale". E in particolare, a guadagnare un ulteriore prezioso premio sono proprio i ciclisti, che sembrano essere anche più longevi, nel senso che per loro si rileva anche un rischio di morte per qualsiasi causa inferiore del 47%. L'ampio studio a lungo termine dal quale emergono queste evidenze è stato condotto in Gb ed è pubblicato sulla rivista open access 'Bmj Public Health'. Finora l'insieme di evidenze sui benefici del muoversi quotidianamente a piedi o in bici erano limitate da periodi di monitoraggio brevi, fasce d'età ristrette e risultati sanitari circoscritti, spiegano gli esperti. Per colmare queste carenze, i ricercatori hanno attinto a dati rappresentativi a livello nazionale tratti dallo Scottish Longitudinal Study, basato sul 5% della popolazione scozzese ricavato dai censimenti del 1991, 2001 e 2011. Gli scienziati scozzesi si sono concentrati sui 16-74enni del 2001 che hanno viaggiato per motivi di lavoro o studio. L'analisi finale si è basata su 82.297 persone. Agli intervistati del censimento è stato chiesto di indicare quale mezzo di trasporto hanno utilizzato per la parte più lunga del loro solito tragitto casa-lavoro. Il viaggio attivo è stato definito come camminare o andare in bicicletta. Tutti gli altri metodi di spostamento sono stati definiti 'inattivi'. Le risposte sono state collegate a ricoveri ospedalieri nazionali per tutte le cause, malattie cardiovascolari, cancro e incidenti stradali; ai decessi per tutte queste cause; e alle prescrizioni per problemi di salute mentale (sedativi, farmaci ansiolitici e antidepressivi) dal 2001 al 2018 inclusi. Sono stati presi in considerazione vari fattori potenzialmente influenti, tra cui età, sesso, condizioni di salute preesistenti, nonché fattori socioeconomici e distanza dal lavoro/sede di studio. Tra il 2001 e il 2018 sono morti 4.276 partecipanti (poco più del 5% del gruppo di studio), quasi la metà dei quali di cancro (2.023, 2,5%). Circa 52.804 persone (poco più del 64%) sono state ricoverate in ospedale, 9.663 (12%) delle quali per malattie cardiovascolari, 5.939 (poco più del 7%) per cancro e 2.668 (poco più del 3%) dopo un incidente stradale.Per quanto riguarda i farmaci, in totale a 31.666 partecipanti allo studio (38,5%) è stato prescritto un farmaco associato a malattie cardiovascolari tra il 2009 e il 2018, mentre nello stesso periodo a 33.771 (41%) è stato prescritto un farmaco per problemi di salute mentale. Rispetto ai pendolari inattivi, le persone che andavano a piedi a lavorare/studiare avevano più probabilità di essere donne, giovani, turnisti, pendolari su distanze più brevi e residenti in città. Avevano anche meno probabilità di avere figli a carico e tendevano ad avere un reddito familiare e un livello di istruzione più bassi. I pendolari ciclisti erano invece più probabilmente uomini, giovani, lavoratori turnisti e residenti in città, mentre era meno probabile che fossero proprietari di casa, ad esempio. Dopo aver tenuto conto dei fattori potenzialmente influenti, il pendolarismo attivo è stato associato a minori rischi di morte e di problemi di salute fisica e mentale rispetto al pendolarismo inattivo. Nello dettaglio, spostarsi in bicicletta è stato associato in particolare a un rischio di morte inferiore del 47%, a un rischio di ricovero ospedaliero inferiore del 10% e a un rischio di ricovero ospedaliero per malattie cardiovascolari inferiore del 24%. Ma anche a un rischio inferiore del 30% di ricevere prescrizioni di farmaci per malattie cardiovascolari, a un rischio inferiore del 51% di morire di cancro e a un rischio inferiore del 24% di essere ricoverati in ospedale per la malattia, nonché a un rischio inferiore del 20% di ricevere una prescrizione di farmaci per problemi di salute mentale. Dall'altro lato, però, i pendolari ciclisti avevano il doppio delle probabilità rispetto agli inattivi di essere ricoverati in ospedale dopo incidente stradale. Il pendolarismo praticato a piedi è stato associato a un rischio inferiore dell'11% di ricovero per qualsiasi causa e a un rischio inferiore del 10% di ricovero per malattia cardiovascolare. E' stato anche associato, rispettivamente, a un rischio inferiore del 10% e del 7% di prescrizione di farmaci per il trattamento di malattie cardiovascolari e problemi di salute mentale. Questo è uno studio osservazionale e, come tale, non si possono trarre conclusioni definitive sui fattori causali, puntualizzano i ricercatori, che riconoscono anche alcuni limiti alla loro ricerca. In ogni caso il lavoro "rafforza le evidenze sui benefici del pendolarismo attivo per la salute a livello di popolazione". Questo studio "ha una rilevanza globale più ampia per gli sforzi volti a ridurre le emissioni di carbonio e a passare a modalità di viaggio più attive e sostenibili". Allo stesso tempo "la scoperta che i pendolari ciclisti hanno il doppio del rischio di essere vittime di incidenti stradali rispetto ai pendolari non attivi rafforza la necessità di infrastrutture ciclabili più sicure". di Adnkronos   17-07-2024 - 10:15 Link copiato Commenti Leggi la Netiquette

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